{"id":8991,"date":"2021-08-26T12:30:40","date_gmt":"2021-08-26T16:30:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/immigrantquebec.com\/?p=8991"},"modified":"2023-03-20T13:21:16","modified_gmt":"2023-03-20T17:21:16","slug":"lois-linguistiques-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/immigrantquebec.com\/fr\/preparer\/comprendre-le-quebec\/qu-est-ce-que-le-quebec\/lois-linguistiques-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Lois linguistiques"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>La Loi sur les langues officielles<\/strong> est une loi adopt\u00e9e par le Parlement du Canada en 1969 faisant de l\u2019anglais et du fran\u00e7ais les langues officielles de l\u2019\u00c9tat f\u00e9d\u00e9ral canadien. Les citoyens peuvent \u00eatre servis dans les deux langues aupr\u00e8s des administrations f\u00e9d\u00e9rales. La Loi permet aussi la cr\u00e9ation du Bureau du <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ocol-clo.gc.ca\/html\/index_f.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Commissaire aux langues officielles<\/a>, aujourd\u2019hui devenu le Commissariat aux langues officielles, charg\u00e9 d\u2019en surveiller l\u2019application<\/p>\n<p><strong>La \u00ab Loi 63 \u00bb ou loi pour promouvoir la langue fran\u00e7aise au Qu\u00e9bec<\/strong>, est adopt\u00e9e le 28 novembre 1969 par le gouvernement unioniste de Jean-Jacques Bertrand. Elle donne la libert\u00e9 aux parents de choisir entre le fran\u00e7ais et l\u2019anglais comme langue d\u2019enseignement pour leurs enfants, mais pr\u00e9voit que tous les enfants inscrits \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole anglaise devront acqu\u00e9rir une connaissance d\u2019usage du fran\u00e7ais. Cette loi marque le d\u00e9but d\u2019une succession de vigoureux d\u00e9bats et adoption de lois sur l\u2019usage du fran\u00e7ais au Qu\u00e9bec.<\/p>\n<p><strong>La \u00ab Loi 22 \u00bb ou loi sur la langue officielle<\/strong>, adopt\u00e9e le 31 juillet 1974 par le gouvernement de Robert Bourassa, fait du fran\u00e7ais la seule langue officielle du Qu\u00e9bec. Elle comprend des mesures pour augmenter la francisation des lieux de travail et des communications internes dans les entreprises. Elle limite \u00e9galement l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole anglaise pour les enfants francophones ou allophones au moyen d\u2019un test linguistique (entr\u00e9e en vigueur en 1975). Per\u00e7ue comme insuffisante par un grand nombre de nationalistes francophones et comme discriminatoire par la majorit\u00e9 des anglophones et des allophones, la loi 22 relance la bataille linguistique.<\/p>\n<p><strong>La \u00ab Loi 101 \u00bb ou Charte de la langue fran\u00e7aise<\/strong> est adopt\u00e9e le 26 ao\u00fbt 1977 par le gouvernement p\u00e9quiste de Ren\u00e9 L\u00e9vesque. Elle accentue la politique de francisation du Qu\u00e9bec d\u00e9j\u00e0 amorc\u00e9e par les lois linguistiques ant\u00e9rieures en d\u00e9clarant le fran\u00e7ais langue officielle de la l\u00e9gislation, de la justice, de l\u2019administration, des organismes parapublics, du travail, du commerce et des affaires et de l\u2019enseignement. Elle limite d\u2019ailleurs l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole anglaise aux seuls enfants dont un des parents a fait ses \u00e9tudes primaires en anglais au Qu\u00e9bec. Elle intensifie l\u2019exigence de l\u2019usage du fran\u00e7ais dans les entreprises apparue dans la loi 22, notamment par des programmes de francisation dans les firmes de plus de 50 employ\u00e9s. Elle impose l\u2019usage exclusif du fran\u00e7ais dans l\u2019affichage commercial, disposition invalid\u00e9e en 1984 par la Cour sup\u00e9rieure du Qu\u00e9bec (jugement confirm\u00e9 en 1988 par la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada) : l\u2019affichage unilingue en fran\u00e7ais est obligatoire pour les affiches et enseignes \u00e0 l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur des commerces, mais peut \u00eatre multilingue \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur tant que le fran\u00e7ais y appara\u00eet et domine. La loi 101 \u00e9tablit l\u2019<a href=\"http:\/\/www.oqlf.gouv.qc.ca\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Office qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois de la langue fran\u00e7aise<\/a> et le <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cslf.gouv.qc.ca\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Conseil sup\u00e9rieur de la langue fran\u00e7aise<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>La \u00ab\u2009Loi\u00a096\u2009\u00bb <a href=\"https:\/\/www.assnat.qc.ca\/fr\/travaux-parlementaires\/projets-loi\/projet-loi-96-42-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sur la langue officielle et commune du Qu\u00e9bec, le fran\u00e7ais<\/a><\/strong>, adopt\u00e9e le 24\u00a0mai 2022 \u00e0 l\u2019initiative du gouvernement caquiste de Fran\u00e7ois Legault, s\u2019inscrit comme une r\u00e9forme importante de la Loi\u00a0101, un v\u00e9ritable \u00ab\u2009rempart\u2009\u00bb pour prot\u00e9ger le fran\u00e7ais, notamment \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al. Elle renforce et g\u00e9n\u00e9ralise l\u2019usage du fran\u00e7ais dans de nombreux milieux\u00a0: \u00e9ducation et enseignement, services aux immigrants, affichage, travail ou encore administration de la justice. Elle inscrit la sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec dans la Constitution du Canada. Elle institue le <a href=\"https:\/\/immigrantquebec.com\/fr\/bulletins-de-limmigration\/bdi-mars-2023\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Commissariat \u00e0 la langue fran\u00e7aise<\/a>, ainsi que l\u2019organisme Francisation Qu\u00e9bec, portail unique en mati\u00e8re de francisation, qui sera inaugur\u00e9 le 1er\u00a0juin 2023. Enfin, elle place l\u2019Office qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois de langue fran\u00e7aise (OQLF) comme gardien du temple charg\u00e9 de faire appliquer la Charte de la langue fran\u00e7aise, notamment vis-\u00e0-vis des entreprises.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le Qu\u00e9bec est la seule province canadienne \u00e0 ne reconna\u00eetre que le fran\u00e7ais comme langue officielle. Plusieurs textes prot\u00e8gent son usage.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3459,"featured_media":13871,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[197],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-8991","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-qu-est-ce-que-le-quebec","8":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Lois linguistiques - Immigrant Qu\u00e9bec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le Qu\u00e9bec est la seule province canadienne \u00e0 ne reconna\u00eetre que le fran\u00e7ais comme langue officielle. 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